02302cam a2200361 i 4500 549521032 TxAuBib 20220225120000.0 090710s2010||||||||||||||||||||||||eng|u 2009028366 9780670021376 0670021377 (OCoLC)426253876 TxAuBib rda Berlin, Ira, 1941- The making of African America : the four great migrations / Ira Berlin. New York : Viking, 2010. 304 pages ; 22 cm. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Includes bibliographical references and index. Movement and place in the African American past -- The transatlantic passage -- The passage to the interior -- The passage to the north -- Global passages. Four great migrations defined the history of black people in America: the violent removal of Africans to the east coast of North America known as the Middle Passage; the relocation of one million slaves to the interior of the antebellum South; the movement of six million blacks to the industrial cities of the north and west a century later; and, since the late 1960s, the arrival of black immigrants from Africa, the Americas, and Europe. These epic migrations have made and remade African American life. This new account evokes both the terrible price and the moving triumphs of a people forcibly and then willingly migrating to America. Historian Ira Berlin finds a dynamic of change in which eras of deep rootedness alternate with eras of massive movement, tradition giving way to innovation. The culture of black America is constantly evolving, affected by (and affecting) places as far away from one another as Biloxi, Chicago, Kingston, and Lagos.--From publisher description. 20220225. African Americans History. African Americans Migrations History. Slave trade United States History. Slave trade Atlantic Ocean History. Migration, Internal United States History. United States Emigration and immigration History. CLMPL